Google has made significant progress in its endeavor to develop its own data center chips, according to a new report. The Information (opens in new tab) says that a key milestone has just been reached, which means that Google can plan to roll out server systems powered by the new chips starting from 2025.

This is not the first processor that Google has successfully put through R&D – the company has previously made an ASIC for servers and an SoC for mobile devices. The search giant started using its internally developed Tensor Processing Unit (TPU) as far back as 2015. The TPU was an ASIC designed to accelerate AI and neural network machine learning, which also found uses in custom SSDs, network switches, and NICs. For AI processing it slotted into the firm’s TensorFlow framework, but Google kept on using third-party CPUs and GPUs for a number of other key processes/processing tasks. Google’s TPU has reached its fourth generation, and now it looks like Google wants to go further in using its own silicon in the server space.

In addition to the TPU ASIC, a much fuller SoC from Google exists for use in its devices. The newest Tensor G2 chip for mobiles mixes the latest Arm Cortex cores and Mali G710 graphics with a custom TPU, an ISP, a security core and caches – and is made by Samsung on its 5nm process. Progress with this chip over recent years, and the TPU, might have helped crystallize the new server chip development plans for greater control, efficiency, and TCO reductions.

The two sources speaking to The Information, one with direct knowledge of the project and another who had been briefed upon it, indicate that Google is working hard to catch up with cloud server business rival Amazon. Amazon launched its AWS Graviton processor with Arm architecture in 2018 – and it is now in its third generation, boasting impressive performance and efficiency optimizations over an already attractive server proposition.

Some other morsels of information shared by The Information are that Google’s server chip R&D team are working on two Arm-based 5nm chips. An SoC dubbed ‘Cypress’, is an in-house design by the Google Israel team. Meanwhile, a design codenamed ‘Maple’, which is based on the foundations of a Marvell Technology SoC, is in trial production at TSMC. Overseeing both designs is Uri Frank, a 25-year Intel CPU design veteran, who became Google’s VP of Engineering for server chip design in March 2021. It is understood that Frank sees Cypress as Plan A, with Maple waiting ready in the wings as Plan B.

With mass production of these chips potentially beginning in 2024, the source reckons Google data centers could be using them by 2025. Whether Google’s Plan A or Plan B makes the cut, it doesn’t look like this will be good news for PC x86 CPU makers like Intel or AMD.